Miscellaneous Lesions 其他發(fā)炎.. Urachal Cyst 臍尿管囊腫A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )臍尿管囊腫載于臍和食道之間，通常位于臍尿管的下1/3 ，但也可載于僅位于臍下。這些囊腫可平庸為實(shí)質(zhì)上無(wú)調諧或低調諧。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 布11A，臍尿管囊腫，此囊腫已受感染，內部含有微弱調諧的液體。B，臍尿管囊腫，錯愕的囊腫前壁產(chǎn)生光線(xiàn)偽影。

..Endometriosis輸卵管增生異位Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).結節輸卵管增生異位是輸卵管手術(shù)后的長(cháng)年合并癥，無(wú)類(lèi)似平庸，但可于以前手術(shù)的瘢痕出口處見(jiàn)一均勻分布腫物，并有不穩定開(kāi)放性的疼痛和出血。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 布12 ，剖宮產(chǎn)傷疤出口處輸卵管增生異位

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 結節血腫A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).頰直肌鞘血腫可發(fā)生地猝死開(kāi)放性咳嗽后、小便或癲癇猝死后，其根本原因通常是抗凝治療或出血開(kāi)放性哮喘。由于血腫受到限制于頰直肌鞘內，通常不很大，其形狀根據所出口處所在位置而定，在弓狀線(xiàn)以上，血腫常為卵圓形，長(cháng)軸排列成上下方向，可于一側碰到（布13A）；在弓狀線(xiàn)以下，由于頰白線(xiàn)缺如，可擴大偏西中線(xiàn)，因此血腫平庸為分葉狀，其最大長(cháng)度位于橫軸上。在早產(chǎn)結節血腫可載于臍上側向擴大（布13B、C）。術(shù)后星體開(kāi)放性腎臟內心血管的病童可于結節手術(shù)瘢痕附近碰到大的血腫（布13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 布13A，一中年婦女劇烈咳嗽后頰直肌鞘血腫，箭頭引導頰橫脊柱。B，早產(chǎn)結節血腫。C，一早產(chǎn)臍靜脈覆有出口處上面的結節血腫。UV，臍靜脈。D，一星體開(kāi)放性腎臟內心血管的剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)后病童疤痕出口處結節血腫。

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